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BACKGROUND@#Pain and cartilage destruction caused by osteoarthritis (OA) is a major challenge in clinical treatment.Traditional intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) can relieve the disease, but limited by the difficulty of longterm maintenance of efficacy. @*METHODS@#In this study, an injectable and self-healing hydrogel was synthesized by in situ crosslinking of N-carboxyethyl chitosan (N-chitosan), adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH), and hyaluronic acid–aldehyde (HA-ALD). @*RESULTS@#This supramolecular hydrogel sustains good biocompatibility for chondrocytes. Intra-articular injection of this novel hydrogel can significantly alleviate the local inflammation microenvironment in knee joints, through inhibiting the inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-6 and IL-17) in the synovial fluid and cartilage at 2- and even 12-weeks post-injection. Histological and behavioral test indicated that hydrogel injection protected cartilage destruction and relieved pain in OA rats, in comparison to HA injection. @*CONCLUSION@#This kind of novel hydrogel, which is superior to the traditional HA injection, reveals a great potential for the treatment of OA.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#Pain and cartilage destruction caused by osteoarthritis (OA) is a major challenge in clinical treatment.Traditional intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) can relieve the disease, but limited by the difficulty of longterm maintenance of efficacy. @*METHODS@#In this study, an injectable and self-healing hydrogel was synthesized by in situ crosslinking of N-carboxyethyl chitosan (N-chitosan), adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH), and hyaluronic acid–aldehyde (HA-ALD). @*RESULTS@#This supramolecular hydrogel sustains good biocompatibility for chondrocytes. Intra-articular injection of this novel hydrogel can significantly alleviate the local inflammation microenvironment in knee joints, through inhibiting the inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-6 and IL-17) in the synovial fluid and cartilage at 2- and even 12-weeks post-injection. Histological and behavioral test indicated that hydrogel injection protected cartilage destruction and relieved pain in OA rats, in comparison to HA injection. @*CONCLUSION@#This kind of novel hydrogel, which is superior to the traditional HA injection, reveals a great potential for the treatment of OA.
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Objective:To explore the influence of flipped classroom teaching mode on college students' attitudes towards psychological help-seeking.Methods:The small private online course and experiential teaching method were combined to teach the course of mental health. Before and after the course, the Attitudes toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale (Hao Zhihong 2007 Revision) and the Self-Stigma of Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale (Vogel et al.) were used to measure the professional help-seeking attitudes and self-stigma of 258 randomly selected subjects. SPSS 22.0 and paired sample t-test were used and related data were analyzed. Results:A total of 242 valid scales were collected. The teaching mode of flipped classroom reduced self-stigma ( t=2.067, P=0.040) and increased the willingness of professional psychological help-seeking among students ( t=2.483, P=0.015). Before the course, there was no significant difference between the high-input group and the low-input group in the attitudes of help-seeking ( t=0.515, P=0.607) and self-stigma ( t=0.432, P=0.666). After the course, the scores of help-seeking attitudes in the high-input group were significantly higher than those in the low-input group ( t=2.401, P=0.018), and the self-stigma scores in high-input group were significantly lower than those in low-input group ( t=2.185, P=0.031). Conclusion:The teaching mode of flipped classroom helps to reduce self-stigma evaluation and forms a more positive attitude towards seeking help. Attitudes changed significantly in those students who have higher commitment in knowledge learning, self-expression and self-reflection.
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Objective@#To provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control measures of silicosis by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of silicosis cases reported in Tianjin city during 2001-2015.@*Methods@#The database of silicosis cases reported in Tianjin from 2001 to 2015 was established and analyzed by SPSS 24.0 software.@*Results@#2 213 cases of silicosis were reported during 2001~2015 in Tianjin, 2015 of them were new cases, and fewer reports of promoting stage cases and death cases, which were129 and 69 cases. The new cases were increasing by years, mainly stage I silicosis accounting for 99.2%, the years of dust exposure were concentrated from 1970 to 1989, accounting for 69.58%. From 2001 to 2015, the median length of service at the onset of silicosis was 19.30 years, the age of the onset of silicosis is decreasing. The median of onset age in new cases of silicosis was 53.28 years, and increased year by year. There were significant differences in indirect dust working age and diagnostic age in different reporting years. Most cases were distributed in non-mental mineral product industry, and ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry. The work types of these cases are various.@*Conclusion@#The increasing incidence of silicosis and the shortening of dust-exposed working years suggest that the form of silicosis hazards is still severe in Tianjin. According to the epidemic characteristics of silicosis, we should strengthen the supervision and management of key industries and special investigation, carry out silicosis census and silicosis screening of dust-removal workers, and take pertinent measures to prevent and control the occurrence of silicosis.
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To optimize the knowledge structure of medical students and implement the application of psychological skills, we launched the practical training of medical psychology in medical universities. We designed 4 practical training items and carried them out in small classes, including emotion and health, investigation of doctor-patient relationship, the application of interviewing method and the application of psychological support. This practice training was students-centered, practical, rigorous, clinical-thinking focused, easy to operate and promote. By now, this teaching reform has formed a relatively standardized teaching material for practical training , and it was well received among students.
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Objective To explore the application effect of fast track surgery in tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy perioperative nursing. Methods Totally 123 Patients with tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy were selected as study group to receive the nursing care under the guidance of the concept of fast track surgery.74 patients with the same surgery from early clinical data who were treated by traditional nursing care were selected as control group. Postoperative pain score, length of hospital stay, the incidence of complications and the families of children with satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The average hospital stay was(4.56±1.28)d in the study group and(6.32±1.56)d in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (t=2.35, P<0.01). The postoperative hospital stay was (2.37±1.17)d,the control group was(3.18±1.34)d,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(t=1.97,P<0.05).Pain score in the study group was 1.73±0.91,in the control group was 3.77± 0.84,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(t=20.37,P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P>0.05),and there were statistically significant differences in the satisfaction of children and their families (χ2=23.05,P<0.01). Conclusion Application of fast track surgery concept in the perioperative care of pediatric tonsil adenoidectomy can relieve postoperative pain,shorten the length of hospital stay,improve the satisfaction degree of the patients and their families and is worth of being generalized.
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According to the phenomenon that the curriculum of psychological health education for college students is theoretical,lack of experience and the teaching form is single,this research attempts to private a blended teaching which is based on the small private online course (SPOC) and experiential teaching.The content of mental health is divided into theoretical knowledge and experience knowledge.And the theoretical knowledge is taught through online teaching in the form of massive open online courses (MOOC),while the experiential knowledge is taught by pure experiential teaching in the classroom.The study has summed up 3 stages of learning mode:learning before class,teaching experience and reflection after class.This changes the single classroom theory teaching to students experience learning.Besides,formative evaluation is used as assessment methods,which has enhanced the effectiveness of the course and at the same time,it has also promoted the improvement of teachers' teaching level effectively.
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Objective To explore the effects of military stress on memory function in battlefield environment confined intensive training of peace-keeping soldiers.Methods 41 peace-keeping soldiers were chosen as the research objects.They were tested the memory function,respectively after they trained intensely in the domestic and in Sudan for five months.The memory function included verbal memory:WHO-UCLA auditory verbal learning test (immediate recall,the insert test,the short time delay memories,long delayed recall,long delayed recognition,visual memory) using the Rey Ostereitb Complex Figure (graphics copy and graphic delayed recall).Results The peace-keeping soldiers got lower scores in the insert tested(4.59±2.03) and graphics copy(35.85± 0.36) than in the domestic (4.85 ± 2.21,35.71 ± 0.46,P＞ 0.05),but there was no significant difference.They got lower scores in the immediate recall (41.68±9.87),the short time delay memories (9.27±2.77),long delayed recall (9.12±2.99),long delayed recognition (27.56± 1.70),and graphic delayed recall (16.90± 6.16) than those in the domestic(51.68±8.63,11.73±2.15,12.24± 1.96,29.00± 1.43,23.15±7.16,P＜0.01),and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion The peace-keeping soldiers battlefield environment stress has a certain effect on the soldiers' memory function.